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A Guide to Domestic Sewage Treatment Plants
While the vast majority of the UK population relies on the main sewerage network to manage waste, approximately 5% of households and residential properties depend on off-mains solutions due to their rural locations. For these situations, options like septic tanks, cesspools, or domestic sewage treatment plants are available. However, the latter is typically the most practical and popular choice.
Even though domestic sewage treatment plants are the most effective solution, there are many factors to consider before installing one. This article provides a quick overview of how they work and the key decisions you'll need to make before proceeding.
Key Takeaways:
- Domestic sewage treatment plants are commonly chosen for rural properties not connected to the main sewerage system.
- These plants clean sewage waste through sedimentation, aeration, and decontamination processes.
- All UK sewage treatment plants must comply with EN 12566-3 2005 standards, and planning permission may be required.
- Regular maintenance is essential to ensure proper operation and compliance with environmental regulations.
One of the primary reasons domestic sewage treatment plants are favored is that they are often more cost-effective in the long term compared to septic tanks, despite having higher upfront costs. They produce cleaner effluent, around 95% free of pollutants, and are more environmentally friendly since they don't release ammonia, which can harm wildlife.
These treatment plants operate in three main stages. First, sedimentation separates solid waste from liquid waste using gravity. The solids are stored until professional servicing occurs, while the liquid waste moves to the aeration chambers. In the aeration stage, compressed air increases oxygen levels, promoting bacterial growth that disinfects the waste. After decontamination, the bacteria settles, and the treated water is ready for discharge into a local water source or soakaway system.
When installing a sewage treatment plant, there are regulatory considerations. All UK plants must adhere to EN 12566-3 2005 standards, and you'll likely need planning permission. Discharging into natural water sources often requires an Environment Agency permit. Detailed guidance is available on the government's website, noting variations between regions.
The size of the plant depends on the property's requirements. For residential properties, assume a minimum population of five people per property with up to three bedrooms, adding one person per additional bedroom. For larger groups, adjust the calculations accordingly. Commercial installations should consider the workforce size, but always consult suppliers or manufacturers.
Location selection is critical. Regulations dictate that sewage treatment units must be at least seven meters from property foundations and ten meters from watercourses. Accessibility for maintenance and optimal placement for gravity flow are also important considerations.
Installing the system requires professional expertise due to the complexity involved. Professionals must test soil conditions, calculate piping needs, connect to power supplies, and excavate appropriately. Following installation, regular maintenance ensures the system functions correctly. This includes removing solid waste annually and checking microbial levels.
Nutrient neutrality is vital to prevent excessive phosphates and nitrates harming aquatic life. Proper installation and maintenance are essential to avoid environmental damage.
At EasyMerchant, we offer high-quality domestic sewage treatment plants from reputable brands like Harlequin, which provides the HydroClear plant, removing over 96% of pollutants. We also provide septic tank systems and treatments. Our customer service team is available to assist with any questions or recommendations.
Shop our range of sewage treatment solutions today!
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