New fertilizer development status

On September 11th, Li Yan, deputy director of the Institute of Resources and Environment of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told the participating companies at the tree bid selection activity: “The development of fertilizers should be combined with the current policies of China and long-term planning for agriculture. The sustainable support provided by the sustainable development should be based on meeting the actual needs."

Fertilizer Development Status At present, there are 1,500 fertilizer manufacturers in the country with an actual production capacity of 10 million tons. In 2009, 472 organic fertilizer companies registered in Shandong Province accounted for 1/3 of the country's annual output of 3.5 million tons. The development of many types of fertilizers has its own merits.

The development of slow-control fertilization materials has two directions. Coated urea-based coated slow-release fertilizers These fertilizers are available in both coating and resin coating. At present, China's coated urea production is about 100-200 million tons. Chemical Fertilizer Suppression Type Slow Release Fertilizer This fertilizer is added to the existing nitrogen fertilizer by using urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitors, etc. to suppress the transformation of nitrogen in the soil and achieve the purpose of sustained release. These fertilizers are collectively referred to as “stabilized fertilizers”. At present, the annual output of stable fertilizer in China is estimated to be approximately 1 million tons in kind. The slow-release fertilizers circulated on the domestic market are mainly formulated as slow-release nitrogen fertilizers.

There are several types of biological fertilizers. Bacterial agents: that is, preparations containing more than 200 million microorganisms per gram of product; bioorganic fertilizers: that is, 0.2 billion living microorganisms per gram of fertilizer; compound microbial fertilizers: that is, containing 0.2 billion living microorganisms per gram of fertilizer In addition, nutrients contained in plants are generally between 6-25%. At present, China has about 650 biofertilizer factories and about 100,000 tons of bio-organic fertilizer about 3-4 million tons of composite microbial fertilizer is about 300 to 4 million tons. The annual output of biological fertilizer in China totals about 800-900 million tons.

The production of compound fertilizers shows that the concentration of high-concentration nutrients is above 40%. The urea-ammonium phosphate-potassium chloride series is mainly used as part of the urea-sodium superphosphate-potassium chloride series products for fruit trees and peanuts. Overall progress and direction of general-purpose compound fertilizer to professional development of high-tower and high-nitrogen compound fertilizer Development of rapid formula compound fertilizer Widely developed blended compound fertilizer Progress slowly urea melt sprayed, ammoniated, tower granulation developed rapidly Type, simple drum granulation changes little.

Fertilizers in the production process There are many problems in the production of fertilizers. First, the concentration of production scale is not high. A total of 472 enterprises of synthetic ammonia have an average size of 140,000 tons, of which 249 have a production scale of less than 80,000 tons; more than 90 companies have phosphoric acid plants; 80% have a production scale of less than 100,000 tons; and more than 4,400 enterprises of compound fertilizers have a production output of 30 Only 200 homes with more than 10,000 tons.

Second, the compound rate is low. China's chemical compound rate is 32% in developed countries, 65%-75%, due to the traditional ideal rate of topdressing in China is 60%. At present, the main problem in China is to increase the compounding rate of chemical fertilizers or semi-chemical fertilizers. With the increase in the scale of agricultural production in China, the simple recombination should ultimately be classified as a problem in the fertilization method rather than a fertilizer production problem.

The criteria for functional fertilizers need to be established. Functional fertilizers are fertilizers that have special functions other than plant nutrition and soil fertility. Suitable for specific soils and plants and not for special purposes.

In Shandong alone, the fertilizer industry also has many problems. Mainly manifested in: nitrogen fertilizer excess utilization rate is low, the development of new nitrogen fertilizers is needed; compound fertilizers have high specific energy consumption; production costs of controlled-release fertilizers are high; organic fertilizers have low nutrient content, and coal humic acid organic fertilizers have biological activity. Poor problems; Microbial fertilizers have outstanding problems with low number of viable cells; short shelf life; poor homogenization of water-soluble fertilizers with poor scientific and technological content; poor source of raw materials for soil conditioners;

Fertilizer Development New Direction Although there are such problems in the fertilizer industry, it is gratifying that some new development directions in the industry are worth our research.

New urea products have emerged. For example, large urea urea companies choose to have large particles of urea; there are stabilizers and urea urease inhibitors, peptides, etc. Almost all urea production enterprises produce so-called peptide urea; package * urea is relatively small only 2- 3 urea production packages * urea.

At present, the most mature technology and production and sales volume are * coated urea. It is a large particle urea coated 12-16% ** coated with paraffin or polymer. Nitrogen content 30%-31% release period 30-90 days. Make BB fertilizers for use on wheat, corn and cotton.

There have also been some new products and new technologies for compound fertilizers. Such as high nitrogen compound fertilizer, nitro compound fertilizer and multi-effect compound fertilizer. The conventional granulation technology of compound fertilizers has gradually been replaced by other new technologies such as high tower granulation technology (20-30 companies), granule granulation technology, backlog granulation technology and urine enzyme fusion.

Slow-release fertilizer also emerged new products. Currently, the main types of slow/controlled release fertilizers on the market are *resin-modified*coated urea, resin-coated controlled-release fertilizer, inorganic-coated slow release fertilizer, urea-formaldehyde fertilizer, stable fertilizer, blended slow-release fertilizer, etc. 6 kinds.

The characteristics of new products of slow and controlled release fertilizers are distinct. This fertilizer can not only reduce the cost of membrane materials and develop environmentally friendly membrane materials but also innovative types of slow and controlled release fertilizers to reduce fertilizer costs such as humic acid and urea. Simultaneously, special-purpose slow/controlled release fertilizers can be developed and multifunctional slow/controlled release can be developed. fat.

Director Li Yan said: “In the modern agricultural conditions, seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides are important foundations for supporting grain production. The innovation of plant nutrition and fertilizer disciplines requires in-depth research and cooperation in basic theory, production technology, and rational application. The foundation of China's grain production and food security can be stabilized by the strong fertilizer production system."