April 25, 2024

New microbial battery uses sewage for efficient power generation

According to the report of the Physicist Organization Network on September 16, the engineers at Stanford University in the United States have designed a new way of "extracting" potential electric energy from sewage, that is, using a "microbial cell generator" designed by nature. It can act as a small, efficient power plant when it digests and decomposes waste and animal and plant waste. The research results were published in the latest edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Researchers estimate that this microbial cell can extract about 30% of the potential energy in the wastewater, which is roughly the same as the photoelectric conversion rate of the best solar cells on the market. It is hoped that it can be used in sewage treatment plants in the future, or to decompose organic pollutants in the "dead areas" of lakes and coastal waters, such as the consumption of oxygen levels and fertiliser residues and other organic waste that suffocate marine organisms.

The professor of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University, Professor Keriduo, said, "In the laboratory, the prototype of the microbial battery is the size of a D-type battery, with a positive and negative two electrodes. It is submerged in a bottle of dark waste water. In the middle, 'producer-producing bacteria' adhered to the negative electrode like barnacles sticking to the hull, and the organic waste particles in the water were 'fast-paced' and the emitted electrons were captured by the positive electrode of the battery. The researchers said that they were fishing for electrons."

Over the past decade or so, several research groups have tried various ways to use this unusual type of bacteria to generate electricity, but experiments have shown that their energy efficiency still needs improvement. The new microbial cells are designed to make these electrogenic bacteria easy to work with and generate electricity efficiently.

From the electron microscope, it can be seen that at the negative electrode of the battery, the "electrogenic bacteria" adhere their carbon filaments to the carbon filaments as effective electrical conductors. When these microorganisms take organics and convert them into biofuels, their excess electrons flow to the carbon filaments and pass through the positive electrode, which consists of silver oxide, a material that attracts electrons. In the process of storing excess electrons on the positive electrode, electrons may be fully charged in about one day, and the electrons flowing into the positive electrode node gradually reduce the silver oxide to silver, to the greatest extent, reduce it to silver, and then remove the silver from the battery. Re-formed silver oxide recycling.

Researchers say that microbial cells are worth the effort because they can make up for some of the electricity that is now used to treat wastewater. At present, the power consumption of wastewater treatment in developed countries accounts for about 3% of the total electricity load. Researchers say that the biggest challenge in the future will be to find a cheap and efficient anode node material. What is shown now is the principle of using silver oxide, but silver is too expensive for large-scale applications. Although searching for more practical materials is in progress, it will take some time to find alternatives. (Hua Ling)

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