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The reason and countermeasures of "FAG spherical roller bearing ring" cracking
**The Causes and Solutions for Cracking in FAG Spherical Roller Bearing Rings**
Home > Bearing Knowledge > The Reason and Countermeasures of "FAG Spherical Roller Bearing Ring" Cracking
Source: China Bearing Network | Time: June 16, 2014
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Cracking in FAG spherical roller bearing rings is a critical issue that can lead to premature failure and reduced performance. Understanding the root causes and implementing effective countermeasures are essential for maintaining the reliability and longevity of these components.
### 1. Material Quality Issues
One of the primary reasons for cracking lies in the raw material itself. If the steel used contains impurities, segregation, or non-uniform carbide distribution, it can create stress concentrations and weaken the structural integrity of the bearing ring. These defects may not be fully eliminated during processing, leading to cracks under operational stress.
**Preventive Measures:**
- Ensure the use of high-quality and stable steel from reliable suppliers.
- Implement strict quality control when receiving and storing materials.
- Avoid using substandard or unverified steel sources.
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### 2. Production and Equipment Factors
#### a) Casting Process
During casting, issues such as overburning, overheating, or internal cracking can reduce the strength and resistance of the bearing ring. It is crucial to monitor and control the casting temperature, heating process, and cooling conditions (e.g., spray cooling). For larger bearing rings, temperatures above 700°C should be carefully managed after final forging.
#### b) Heat Treatment
Heat treatment plays a vital role in determining the mechanical properties of the bearing ring. Monitoring equipment must be accurate and reliable, with regular calibration of thermocouples and temperature sensors. All data must be recorded precisely to ensure traceability and compliance with ISO9000 standards.
**Quenching and Cooling Conditions:**
- Use high-quality quenching oil with appropriate hardening ability.
- Replace old oil regularly to avoid soft spots in large and medium-sized bearings.
- Opt for fast quenching oil to improve cooling efficiency.
**Tempering Process:**
- Perform secondary tempering after rough grinding to stabilize the microstructure and reduce residual stresses.
- This helps improve the fatigue resistance and overall durability of the bearing ring.
#### c) Grinding Process
Grinding burns and cracks are strictly prohibited in FAG spherical roller bearings. Any signs of burning on the inner ring taper surface must be inspected and removed. Severely damaged parts should be discarded and not allowed to proceed to installation.
#### d) Marking and Identification
Before storage and before grinding, all processes must be clearly separated. Different materials such as GCr15 and GCr15SiMn should be properly distinguished to prevent mixing and contamination.
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### 3. Overload and Fatigue Cracking
In some cases, cracks result from a combination of overload and fatigue. Bearings operating under poor conditions, such as 22328 models, are more susceptible to this type of failure. It’s important to evaluate both the design and the working environment.
**Key Considerations:**
- Analyze the layout and service conditions of FAG spherical roller bearings.
- Different designs require different operating conditions.
- Adjust the manufacturing process accordingly to enhance performance and reliability.
**Improvements in Processing Technology:**
- Use lower quenching temperatures for larger rings to reduce thermal stress.
- Enhance martensite cracking resistance by optimizing alloy composition.
- Apply higher tempering temperatures to increase impact resistance while maintaining quality.
**Enhanced Process Monitoring:**
- Improve curvature monitoring during flow channel processing.
- Enhance the overall performance of the bearing after installation.
- Ensure optimal working conditions for the bearing to extend its lifespan.
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### Conclusion
To minimize the risk of FAG spherical roller bearing ring cracking, a comprehensive approach involving material selection, precise heat treatment, careful grinding, and proper design considerations is essential. By addressing each stage of the production and operation process, manufacturers can significantly improve the quality and reliability of their products.
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This article was originally published at [China Bearing Network](http://www.chinabearing.net). Please reference the source when sharing.