August 02, 2025

Processing technology of pellet feed

First, the benefits of grass particles

Grass particles offer a variety of advantages that make them an essential component in modern animal feeding systems. One of the main benefits is their ability to preserve forage throughout the year. Forage growth is highly seasonal—during winter, it becomes dry and less nutritious, while in the warm season, it is lush and rich in nutrients. By processing forage into grass particles through methods like drying, crushing, and pelleting, farmers can store this valuable feed for use during the colder months when fresh forage is scarce.

Another significant advantage is the improved feed conversion rate. When livestock and poultry are fed with grass pellets in winter, they can achieve higher levels of meat, milk, and egg production with less feed. This not only reduces costs but also improves overall productivity.

Grass particles are also compact and easy to handle. They take up about one-quarter the space of raw hay, making storage and transportation more efficient. Additionally, they produce less dust, which is better for both human and animal health. Their small size simplifies feeding procedures and supports the development of more mechanized and intensive farming practices.

In terms of palatability, some forages like hibiscus have strong odors that may be unappealing to animals. However, when processed into pellets, these forages become more attractive and nutritious. This makes them a great option for improving diet quality without compromising on taste.

Furthermore, grass particles allow for the utilization of a wider range of feed sources. For example, plants such as Caragana or Other shrubs with tough stems can be crushed and turned into high-quality feed. Agricultural by-products like straw, leaves, and even shellfish waste can also be used, increasing the availability of affordable and sustainable feed options.

Second, the processing technology of grass particles

The key to successful grass particle production lies in controlling the moisture content of the raw materials. Before processing, it's essential to measure the moisture level and adjust it accordingly. For leguminous forages, the ideal moisture range is 14% to 16%, while for grass forages, it should be between 13% and 15%. Proper moisture ensures better pellet formation and durability.

The actual processing is usually done using a pellet mill. As the grass powder is compressed and rolled, the temperature inside the machine rises to around 80°C. After exiting the die, the moisture content decreases by 3% to 5% due to the heat, resulting in a final moisture level of 11% to 13%. This low moisture content allows for long-term storage without the risk of mold or spoilage.

Additionally, grass particles can be customized to meet the specific nutritional needs of different animals. The particle size can be adjusted based on the type of mill used, and various ingredients can be added to enhance the feed’s value. This flexibility makes grass pellets a versatile and effective feed option for a wide range of livestock and poultry.

Third, pellet feed ingredients and effects

To create compound feed suitable for different types of livestock and poultry, a balanced formula is essential. A typical mix might include 55% to 60% grass powder (such as green hay or crop straw), 35% to 40% concentrate (like corn, sorghum, oats, or bran), 3% minerals and vitamins, and 1% urea. Water is added at a rate of 17 kg per 100 kg of material, along with 100 ml of 37% formaldehyde solution to improve nutrient absorption and digestion.

Studies have shown that using pelleted feed can significantly boost animal growth. For instance, in a trial with 8-month-old lambs, those fed with pelleted feed gained an average of 190 grams per day over 50 days. Each kilogram of weight gain required approximately 6.4 kilograms of feed, demonstrating the efficiency of this feeding method.

Overall, the use of pelleted feed is a practical and effective strategy for raising healthy, well-fed animals. It not only improves feed utilization but also supports the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry in both rural and urban areas.

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