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Classified according to chemical composition: polyester paint, nitrolacquer, polyurethane paint are classified according to the effect of the finished product: varnish, color paint (mixed oil), wipe color paint (colored varnish), open paint (exposed wood grain), ,,
Dressings:
Transparent putty: used for varnish repair later, for the pit area, the line contraction position. Make the paint more even.
Color Semen: Used with colored varnish. Another: If the difference between the line and the panel color is relatively large, or the color of the line is large, the color must be corrected.
Nail eye putty: used to repair nail eyes.
Putty: Anti-cracking treatment for white paint.
Tools:
Sandpaper: 240#～320# is used for ground polishing, 320#～600# is used for primer polishing, 600#～2000# is used for topcoat polishing.
Wool brush: generally 4 to 6 inches, used for painting.
Separation paper: used to protect walls, glass and other items. Generally used in conjunction with newspapers.
Precautions before painting:
Carpentry structure will be checked again. Combine with the construction drawings to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the construction projects of the woodworking. When it is found that the specifications and shapes do not meet the design requirements, they shall be dealt with promptly. This is basically the final acceptance of the carpentry project. Check the details of the woodwork, record problems such as dirt on the panel, color difference in the lines, shrinkage of the lines, and coarse nails, etc., and handle them later. Especially the problem of line shrinkage, when the carpenter installs the line, it protrudes a bit, and then paints before painting. Some workers forget to take over. Protection of hardware (hinge, handle, etc.): Before painting, remove all doors, remove all hardware, and mark them. Protect the hardware tape that cannot be removed. Protect walls, glass, etc.: Walls and glass should be protected with newspapers and paper tape.
The role of closed paint in paint:
The sealer is made of a highly permeable resin that effectively wets and penetrates the sheet to form a hard closed layer. The use of a sealer after the panel enters the hall: He can effectively protect the panel from contamination. After the paint brush is closed, the character of the panel is revealed, and some defects are revealed at the same time. The woodworker can choose to use it.
Other effects: Make the base layer absorb oil more evenly and absorb the color difference of the paint. After brushing the paint, the burrs and wood wool on the board can be easily polished. Reduce the sag of the paint film. Improve the hardness in particular, increase the thickness of the paint, and enhance the paint's decorative properties.
What is the effect of thinner when adjusting the paint?
Generally, one worker is accustomed to it. Some people like to use more thinner than others. Others prefer to use little. What are the effects of thinner against the paint film? Does it not matter if you are against more or less?
Too much thinner: Makes the paint easy to precipitate, resulting in uneven transparency and gloss. It is more likely to produce a drop when painting. In the end, the paint film is too thin. It takes a few more times to work.
Too little diluent: Leveling is not good, resulting in brush lines, orange peel. Pinholes and air bubbles are easy to generate. The leveling is not good, the grinding is laborious, and the paint is wasted.
What is the effect of curing agent when adjusting paint?
First of all, the amount of curing agent used cannot rely on the habits of the workers and masters, but instead strictly follows the product specification. Because the ratio of the curing agent to the main paint is already established at the time of production, the ratio cannot be arbitrarily changed. Some workers believe that: in winter, the temperature is low, curing agents should be used more to make the paint dry faster; summer temperatures are high, the curing agent ratio should be reduced, so that the paint film dry more slowly. In fact, this is not wrong: the speed of the dry film is related to the temperature, humidity, ventilation, and the thickness of the paint. It is wrong to adjust the amount of the curing agent.
The amount of curing agent is large: The film is bright, brittle, and easy to produce pinholes, orange peel, etc.
The proportion of curing agent is small: The paint film is dry and the dust is easy to bind with the paint. The film is soft and low in hardness.
Introduction and comparison of construction methods of polyester paint and lacquer:
Nitro-lacquer:
The main auxiliaries for lacquer:
Days of water: mainly from the nitrocellulose lacquer and curing effect.
White water: In wet weather construction, the paint film will have a whitening phenomenon. Adding 10% to 15% of the white water can eliminate the white water. The construction of lacquer lacquer is relatively cumbersome. At least it takes six or seven times to complete the work, and some even brush up to ten times. The polyester paint only needs to survive on both sides.
Polyester paint: A paint made of a polyester resin as the main film forming material. Advantages of polyester paint: full paint film, hard surface layer, easy construction. In the use of polyester paint, hardeners are used, and hardeners make the paint film harder. However, because the curing agent is made after reaction between TDI and TMP, due to technical reasons, all TDIs may not be fully reacted, so there will be some free TDI. These free TDIs will cause harm to human health. . However, as various paint manufacturers pay more and more attention to reducing the content of free TDI, more advanced technologies are used to decompose the free TDI and achieve the purpose of environmental protection.
Comparison of the two: Polyester paint for the three components: the main paint, thinner, curing agent: Nitro paint is two components: the main paint and thinner. Polyester paint: Because of the use of curing agents, the hardness of the paint film is higher, and the heat resistance makes the paint film more beautiful. Nitro-lacquer: The construction is more cumbersome than polyester paint, but because there is no curing agent, the decoration is more environmentally friendly. Although most decoration companies use polyester paint, there are also some large companies that use lacquer for environmental protection.
The construction process of mixing oil and varnish is introduced:
Varnish: Can reveal the original wood grain, original color paint. If you add tincture to the paint, you can make a colored varnish with wood grain, but the color will change slightly (it will be a bit darker). For example: Do anti-redwood paint.
Mixing oil: Cover the original wood grain and background color completely. (Semi-open mix preserves the grain of the logs, but the colors are covered.) Generally mixed oil refers to white paint, but after adding sperm, it can be made into other colors. For example, it is made yellow, gray, black, and the like.
Construction method: Varnish can be sprayed or brushed. But to do color varnish, use a spray gun. Mixed oil: Certainly use air compressors and spray guns. The maximum amount of primer can be brushed up, but the topcoat must be sprayed.
Matters needing attention: varnish pay attention to nail color. Special attention should be paid to anti-cracking of mixed oils.
Construction method for rubbing (anti-redwood) paint:
What is rubbing paint? Wiping paint is actually a kind of varnish. It can change the color of the panel without covering the wood grain of the panel. It is a kind of high-grade construction process, and the painter's working cost is also much more expensive than the ordinary work cost. In Zhengzhou, the labor cost is about 35 yuan/square, and the price of ordinary varnish is: 15 yuan/square, and the mixed oil is only about 25 yuan/square.
Wiping paint classification: The previous repair paint process is: the use of water-based color finish directly on the panel to repair color. Brush varnish again. Most of the current construction is more complex: it is the bottom of the color, surface and then spray color, then spray varnish protection.
Construction method: Bottom color correction (ensure that the lines of wood grain are prominent, and make the color of the wood line close to the panel) - Brush the primer (increase the thickness of the paint, make the paint plump) - Spray paint (reach the specified color ) - Finally spray two more varnish (protection paint does not fade)
Matters needing attention: Before doing the paint, we must first do a few models out, let the owners choose a good color, and then carry out the construction. For color problems, let the painter spray a few places to see its craft. The craft will not be replaced directly. Finally, make varnish twice in order to prevent the color paint from discoloration.
The more popular semi-open paint in these two years:
The popular open paint in these two years. Both: Can clearly show the construction process of the original wood grain. It is generally constructed on rough wood grain panels such as ash. Closer to the natural style, due to the use of less paint, can reduce costs and reduce environmental pollution.
Open paint is divided into:
Fully open and semi-open. Half-open paint should be painted twice more, so the paint film should be thicker. But it can't be done too thick, otherwise it will be made of ordinary white paint covered with wood.
Specific construction methods: multiple methods
1, polyester paint primer, nail holes (with a small batch of knife scraped panel gap, nail eyes), with lacquer lacquer finish.
2. Make the varnish on the panel (be sure to be thin). When you finish the finish, add some other colors (for example, add a little white paint), or if you want to make it thinner, make a colored open paint.
3, completely made of white paint, spray paint when the spray gun to adjust some of the fog, the spray will be thin, two bottom, both sides on the ok.
Matters needing attention: To do open paint, you should use thicker wood grain panels. Otherwise the paint can easily cover the wood grain. When doing the open paint, the cracking prevention seams of the carpenters should not be too large. Should be smaller. A narrow knife must be used to make up the nail hole, and the wood grain around the board cannot be covered.
Construction of special effect paints such as skin paint, gold powder paint, etc.:
Dermatoglyphics: Dermatoglyphic paints need to have regular cracks in the paint to make them like leather. The principle of making leather paint is: nitro-lacquer as the base, and then polyester lacquer. Since polyester lacquer grip is larger than nitro-lacquer, it can make the skin lacquer (crack lacquer). However, to use a special polyester paint for the leather paint, the ordinary polyester paint can't do that effect, and once the nitrocellulose paint is applied again, it will definitely react and cause peeling.
Gold powder paint: Make gold on wood. There are water, oily points. Gold powder paint is generally used in hotels, guest houses, and home improvement equipment is rarely used. Gold powder paint can also be brushed on the plasterboard. Play a decorative role. Close to the powder paint is silver paint, crystal paint and so on.
Three-ply board made of white paint Note:
First of all, the material acceptance of the plywood, and some poor quality plywood, after finishing the paint, because of the holding power of the paint, the plywood surface a layer of cracking, resulting in a large area of ​​small cracks in the paint. The plywood grain is rough, so the surface of the plywood should be treated before painting to ensure that the surface is smooth and smooth. Generally, the surface of the plywood is scraped and then polished to make the surface smooth.
Due to improper construction of the painter, paint cracks are caused: The surface of the sheet is too thick for scraping and the painter is too lazy to polish, spray paint directly, save labor, and save material. In the end, because the putty is too thick, it is not firmly bonded to the sheet, resulting in large areas falling off.
The correct construction method: After scraping the putty with the triple plywood, the putty shall be thoroughly polished, polished more than 80%, and then sprayed with primer, filled with ash, and sprayed with a top coat.
Anti-cracking measures in home improvement paint:
Frequently cracked places, and reasons: The paint is most likely to crack at the point of impact of the door pocket line, the connection between the wood line and the panel. That's because: Because of the shrinkage of the lines, the grassroots cannot effectively draw the lines and cause cracks. Or because the combination of the putty of the white paint and the plate is not firm enough and the lines are deformed, causing the atomic ash to crack. Varnish seams are also prone to cracking. This is mostly due to improper handling of woodworkers.
White lacquer anti-cracking treatment: Apply primer or sealant directly to the Australian pine plate, fill the atomic ash, and polish the paint. Australia pine board brush primer, primer can penetrate into the plate, and then fill the atomic ash, atoms and paint will be combined together, and then brush the paint, so that it can prevent cracking. For joints that have not been handled by woodworking, reinforcements may be applied to the joints by a painter using 502 glue. Some woodworkers do not have cracks in all joints to prevent cracking during construction. The painter should use a wallpaper knife to cut a gap of about 3mm and do anti-cracking. This will be safer.
Nail holes, seams, filling hole processing:
Treatment of varnish: The lacquer panel has a rich pattern and a large difference in color. Therefore, when adjusting the putty, you should adjust the color in several colors. The color of the wood grain should be slightly emphasized. However, all nails putty are slightly lighter than the place to be filled. After painting, the color increases, and the color of the panel is close. After the nail eye putty has been used up, it will also subside, so it is necessary to make two more supplements. If the finish is almost finished, the nail hole is still subsiding and it can be repaired with a transparent putty. If the color of the supplemental nailhole is different from the color of the panel, it can only be dug up and refilled.
Contaminated treatment: Australia pine board to do oil mixing, its nails should use atomic ash repair. The procedure should be: Australia pine board first brush sealer or primer, then add the atomic ash, then grinding, then paint. The atomic ash will also subside, so it is necessary to make several supplements. After the final spray of paint, all nail holes are inspected and the subsidence is found to be dealt with again. Make sure the final paint is flat.
Post-finished protection in paint engineering:
Substrate protection: After the varnish panel enters the site, apply a primer or sealer. This protects the substrate from contamination, even if it is soiled due to paint protection. At the same time, the color of the panel can be basically displayed, so that the owner will have a bottom, and the defects in the panel will be revealed, which will help the woodworker choose and use it. Unfinished paint should be sealed. The already prepared paint should be used up immediately or it will solidify (because of curing agent).
Finished product protection: After the paint is finished, before the wall is batched, it should be well protected with a paper tape on the part of the wood and the wall to prevent putty from being sent to the wood, and it is easy to scratch the wood paint after the scrubbing. For the door and door cover parts, it is best to protect them with a protective film to prevent other types of work from scratching the paint. Water-based paints do not have the hardness of polyester paint. Therefore: The maintenance time should be longer (it takes a week).
Home decoration construction manual paint project
Introduction of paint materials, dressings and tools: