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How to choose the right power lightning protection device?
The power supply system is designed to handle a relatively high load current. To ensure safety, ease of use, and efficient maintenance, multi-stage lightning protection is typically implemented using parallel-type surge protection devices in data communication power systems. This approach ensures that the system remains protected without compromising its performance.
The surge protector offers both common-mode and differential-mode protection. Common-mode protection involves phase-to-ground (L-PE) and neutral-to-ground (N-PE) connections, while differential-mode protection covers phase-to-neutral (L-N) and phase-to-phase (L-L) protection. On the low-voltage side, second, third, and fourth-level protection usually employs common-mode protection due to its effectiveness in handling ground-related surges.
One of the most critical characteristics of a surge protection device is its clamping voltage. The lower the clamping voltage, the better the protection it provides. However, given that China's power grid often experiences voltage fluctuations, it's important to choose a surge arrester with a low clamping voltage. Additionally, the device must have a sufficiently high maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV) to prevent self-destruction during voltage spikes.
Power systems on the low-voltage side are typically divided into one, two, or three levels of protection. Each level requires a surge protection device with appropriate rated discharge current and voltage protection level. It’s essential that these devices can withstand multiple lightning strikes. In general, the distance between AC power supply levels should be at least 25 meters, and proper protection should be applied at each stage.
For low-voltage power surge protection, the device should include a failure warning indicator and a remote monitoring port. These features allow for easier monitoring, management, and future maintenance. Moreover, the surge protector must be flame-retardant to prevent fires in case of failure or internal damage.
A key safety feature is the failure separation mechanism. If the device fails, it should automatically disconnect from the power system, ensuring that the communication power supply remains unaffected. This prevents potential disruptions in service.
The connection terminals of the surge protector must support at least 25mm² wire size. When installing the lead wires, use multi-strand copper conductors with a minimum cross-sectional area of 10mm², and keep the length as short as possible—ideally under 1.0 meter. If the lead exceeds this length, increase the cross-sectional area accordingly. The wiring should be neatly arranged, either side by side or tied together to minimize inductance.
Finally, the grounding of the surge protector should be connected as close as possible to the AC protective ground busbar, main busbar, or grounding network. Grounding lines should be made of multiple copper conductors with a minimum size of 25mm² to 35mm² to ensure effective grounding and system stability.