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How to choose the right power lightning protection device?
The power supply system is designed to handle a significant load current. To ensure safety, ease of use, and convenient maintenance, multi-stage lightning protection in data communication power systems typically employs parallel-type surge protection devices. These devices are essential for safeguarding sensitive equipment from voltage spikes caused by lightning strikes or electrical surges.
Surge protectors can offer both common-mode and differential-mode protection. Common-mode protection involves phase-to-ground (L-PE) and neutral-to-ground (N-PE) connections, while differential-mode protection covers phase-to-neutral (L-N) and phase-to-phase (L-L) scenarios. On the low-voltage side, second, third, and fourth-level protection usually relies on common-mode protection due to its effectiveness in handling ground-related surges.
One of the most critical characteristics of a surge protector is its clamping voltage. The lower the clamping voltage, the better the protection performance. However, it's important to consider that China’s power grid often experiences voltage fluctuations. Therefore, selecting a surge arrester with a low clamping voltage is crucial, along with ensuring it has a sufficiently high maximum continuous operating voltage to prevent self-destruction under unstable conditions.
Power systems generally have one, two, or three levels of protection on the low-voltage side. Each level should be equipped with a surge protector that matches the rated discharge current and voltage protection level, while also offering adequate resistance to lightning surges. It is recommended that the distance between AC power supply levels be more than 25 meters to minimize interference and provide proper protection at each stage.
For low-voltage power surge protection, the device should include a failure warning indicator and a remote monitoring port, making it easier to monitor, manage, and maintain the system. Additionally, the surge protector must be flame-retardant to prevent fires in case of failure or internal damage.
A built-in failure separation mechanism is also necessary. If the device fails, it should automatically disconnect from the power system without disrupting the normal operation of the communication power supply. This ensures continued reliability and minimizes downtime.
The connection terminals of the surge protector must support at least 25mm² wire size. When installing, the lead wires should be made of multi-strand copper conductors with a minimum cross-sectional area of 10mm², and kept as short as possible—ideally no longer than 1.0 meter. If the lead exceeds this length, the conductor size should be increased accordingly, and the wires should be neatly arranged or tied together to reduce inductance and improve performance.
Finally, grounding is an essential part of surge protection. The surge protector should be connected as close as possible to the AC protective ground busbar, main busbar, or grounding network. Grounding lines should be made of multiple copper conductors with a minimum cross-section of 25mm² to 35mm², ensuring a reliable and effective grounding path.